5  Activity: Creating a dataset

In this activity, you will conduct a small experiment to investigate whether multitasking has a slowing effect on task performance. The experiment involves two tasks that mimic multitasking behavior (performing tasks simultaneously) and focused behavior (performing tasks in succession). You will then create and format a dataset with the results and learn the difference between long and wide data formats.

5.0.1 Objectives

• Understand the impact of multitasking on task performance.
• Learn how to measure and record experimental data.
• Create and format datasets in long and wide formats.
• Gain practical experience in using Excel and R for data management.

5.0.2 Materials Needed

• Stopwatch or timer (one per pair of students)
• Paper and pen for recording results
• Computer with MS Excel installed

5.0.3 Procedure

One student will perform the two tasks while the other measures and records the time. Swap roles and do the same.

5.0.3.1 Task 1

Write the letters of the word “MULTITASKING” (in capital letters) followed by the numbers 1 to 12, as indicated in Figure 5.1. Measure the time it takes to write everything down:

Figure 5.1: Task 1

5.0.3.2 Task 2

Write the same capital letters and numbers, but now you write the numbers below the letters, as indicated in Figure 5.2. So you start with “𝓜”, then you write “𝟭”, followed by “𝓤” then “𝟮”, and so on. Measure the time it takes to write everything down.

Figure 5.2: Task 2

5.0.4 Question

How do you create a dataset in which we annotate the following information for every participant?

• Name of the Participant
• Time for Task 1 and Task 2
• University of the Participant (three levels: UGent, Belgium, International)
• …